This question is normally asked after you’ve mentioned where you live, and the next question is about what kind of work you do?
— Where do you live?
— Chicago.
— And what do you do there?
— I’m a doctor.

Another possibility is in reference to some venue or amusement:
— You should take the kids to Lion Country Safari if you’re going to be in Florida.
— Oh yeah? What do you do there?
— The first part of the park is a regular zoo, and the second part is a like an African preserve that you drive through and see the animals in their natural habitats.

I don’t know how to say these two things in Russian, but perhaps a native will read my comments and provide the correct forms in Russian.

Lydia’s translation is too broad and literal. I don’t think she knows what this really means.

— Where do you live?

— Chicago.
— And what do you do there?
— I’m a doctor.
И чем ты там занимаешься?/
И кем ты там работаешь?/
И чем ты там зарабатываешь на жизнь?

— You should take the kids to Lion Country Safari if you’re going to be in Florida.

— Oh yeah? What do you do there?
И чем там можно заняться?

Lydia’s translation is too broad and literal. I don’t think she knows what this really means.

+++++Uly
Меня бы такой вопрос поставил в тупик, потому что у него есть примерно такой подтекст:
And why do you live there, of all things?

*of all places 😉

Thank you, Tatiana!)))

You should be the voice of reason and add the correct translations!

Brava!

I think we need you here… I tried to explain this in my shoddy Russian and I’m sure it’ll fall on deaf ears. But you’ll know what I mean.

Interesting translation on Lingvo Live
"He is like a pain-in-the-ass. - Он как заноза в заднице."
https://lingvolive.com/posts/1520842