I think these words just mean ”spit”. A loogie is green. It’s when you audibly gargle up what’s in your throat and sinuses and spit it out. I think it’s called харча or something like that.

can it be translated as сопли?

I don’t know - that’s beyond my Russian. All I know is that it’s green and you make a noise clearing your throat before you spit it out 🤮

мокроты; харчёк

yes!